Edolobheni eliphumelelayo laseTianjin, isiko nesimanje kuhlanganiswe ngokuphelele ukuze kwakhiwe isiko elihle lesitayela saseShanghai, lapho ukuqamba okusha kuyindlela yokuphila. Laziwa ngesiko lalo elivulekile nelifaka wonke umuntu, leli dolobha elinempilo liyikhaya lobuchwepheshe obuphambili obuguqula izimboni emhlabeni jikelele. Enye yalezi zindlela ezintsha yiphampu yezimayini yezimayini, ingxenye ebalulekile embonini yezimayini ehlinzeka ngezinzuzo eziningi zokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kanye nempilo ende yokusebenza kwezimayini.
Inhliziyo yephampu: i-crankcase ne-crosshead slider
Umnyombo we-aiphampu ye-plunger yezimayiniukusebenza kahle kwezingxenye zayo eziklanywe ngokucophelela. I-crankcase yesiphetho samandla yenziwe ngensimbi eyi-ductile, into eyaziwa ngamandla ayo akhethekile nokuqina. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi iphampu ingakwazi ukumelana nezimo ezinzima zemvelo yezimayini, inikeze ukusebenza okuthembekile esikhathini eside.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilayidi se-crosshead senziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bemikhono ye-alloy ebandayo. Le nqubo yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe yenza izingxenye zingagcini nje kuphela ukumelana nokuguga kodwa futhi zithule ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Ukunemba okuphezulu kwesilayidi se-crosshead kuqinisekisa ukunyakaza okushelelayo nokusebenza kahle, kunciphisa ubungozi bokuhluleka komshini kanye nokwelula impilo yonke yesevisi yepompo.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zamaphampu ezimayini we-plunger
1. Thuthukisa ukuqina
I-crankcase yenziwe nge-ductile iron, futhi isilayidi se-crosshead sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bemikhono yengxube yengxubevange ebandayo, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuqina kwepompo ye-plunger yezimayini. Lezi zinto ziklanyelwe ukumelana nezimo ezinzima zokusebenza kwezimayini, okuhlanganisa ukuchayeka ezintweni eziqhumayo kanye nokucindezela okukhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, ukugcinwa kwephampu nokushintshwa kuyancipha, okuholela ekongeni kwezindleko kanye nokusebenza kahle okwandisiwe.
2. Thuthukisa ukusebenza
Amaphampu e-piston yezimayini aklanyelwe ukunemba okuphezulu nokusebenza komsindo ophansi. Ukumelana nokugqokwa kwesilayidi se-crosshead kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwepompo, kunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza, okuvumela iphampu ukuletha okukhiphayo okungaguquki, okuthembekile ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezinzima.
3. Nweba impilo yesevisi
Inhlanganisela yezinto ezihlala isikhathi eside kanye namasu okukhiqiza athuthukile andisa impilo yeamaphampu e-plunger yezimayini. Ukuguga okuncishisiwe ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile kusho ukuthi amaphampu angasebenza isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulungiswa okukhulu noma ukushintshwa. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokukhuphula umkhiqizo jikelele wemisebenzi yezimayini, kuphinde kufake isandla ezindleleni ezisimeme nezingabizi kakhulu zokumbiwa kwezinsiza.
4. Ukunakekela okungabizi kakhulu
Idizayini eqinile yamaphampu ezimayini we-plunger yehlisa izindleko zokulungisa. Imvelo yokumelana nokuguga yezingxenye isho ukuthi azinabungozi kangako, inciphisa imvamisa yokungenelela kokulungisa. Ukwengeza, ukunemba okuphezulu lapho iphampu esebenza ngakho kunciphisa ubungozi bokuhluleka komshini, kuqhubeke kwehlisa izindleko zokunakekela kanye nesikhathi sokuphumula.
5. Izinzuzo zemvelo
Iphampu ye-plunger yezimayinis inomthelela ezindleleni ezisimeme zokumbiwa kwezinsiza ngokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuqina kwemisebenzi yezimayini. Ukuncipha kwesidingo sokunakekelwa njalo kanye nokushintshwa kwengxenye kusho ukuthi izinsiza ezincane ziyasetshenziswa futhi kukhiqizwa imfucuza encane. Lokhu kuhambisana nokuphushwa komhlaba wonke kwezinqubo zokumba izimayini ezingayingeni imvelo.
Ekuphetheni
Edolobheni eliqhakazile lase-Tianjin, lapho kuhlangana khona imifula nezilwandle ukuze kwakhiwe ubuciko obuyingqayizivele bezamasiko, ukuqamba okusha kuyachuma. Ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphampu ezimayini ezimayini kusetshenziswa izinto ezithuthukisiwe nezindlela zokukhiqiza kuwubufakazi balo moya wokusungula. Lawa maphampu enza izinguquko embonini yezimayini ngokuthuthukisa ukuqina, ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza, ukunweba impilo yesevisi kanye nokunciphisa izindleko zokulungisa.
Njengoba umhlaba uqhubeka nokufuna izindlela ezisebenza kahle nezisimeme zokukhipha izinsiza, izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokusebenzisa amaphampu ezinqama zezimayini azikwazi ukubukelwa phansi. Bamele isinyathelo esibalulekile esiya phambili emzamweni wokuthuthukisa ukusebenza nokwelula impilo yesevisi yemisebenzi yezimayini, ehlanganisa umoya wokusungula nohlanganisa wonke wesiko lase-Tianjin Haipai.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-18-2024